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The English rose is deservedly recognized as the most beautiful group of plants of its kind, deserving special attention. This is the product of the painstaking work of the breeder from England, David Austin. He managed in the most successful way to cross the varieties of old roses with subspecies of modern hybrid tea, thanks to which a beautiful English rose was born. This group is distinguished by a high level of resistance to unfavorable climatic conditions and diseases and, of course, an incomparable aroma of lush flowering with notes of fruit mixes, musk, and tea.
Types and Varieties of English Roses
To date, quite a few English roses have been bred, each of which has its characteristics and deserves special attention. They can differ in the size of the bushes, the palette of flowering, the shape of the buds, but they combine their excellent aesthetic qualities. Consider a few more exciting and popular varieties.
William Shakespeare
A breeder presented the flower at the end of the 80s of the last century. Then, at the turn of the century, a new “improved” variety of it William Shakespeare – 2000 appeared before gardeners. Over time, it acquires a purple hue, as well as the splendor of a branchy bush, dressed in bright green large foliage.
Benjamin Britten
This selection result saw the light already at the beginning of this century, and it is characterized by a strong structure of the skeleton of the bush and its increased branching. This type of English rose in adulthood reaches the meter mark, and the buds boast an original scarlet color but with a noticeable orange tint. They look great against a background of green foliage and next to white plants. The fruity aroma of the bloom contains notes of wine and pear flavor. It is worth noting that the culture is entirely unpretentious in care, resistant to diseases.
Abraham Darby
The variety belongs to the class of scrubs, has a unique fresh fruit aroma, quite distinct and persistent. The flower was bred in 1985 and continues to grow in popularity to this day.
Another feature is the overall flowers, which are recognized as the largest among the entire class. Their palette shimmers from rich apricot inside to pink on the outer petals. In addition, the bud can change its color depending on the weather – in the heat, it is monochromatic apricot, and in the incredible season, color transitions are visible.
Flowering lasts a long time while the buds open alternately. As a result, rose Abraham Darby is endowed with such advantages as solid immunity to diseases and rapid growth, allowing it to grow as a climbing crop.
Graham Thomas
The bushes of this rose are very vigorous. They have shoots that can reach three meters in hot climates and one and a half meters in cooler temperatures.
Often, the Graham Thomas variety is used in landscape design as a trellis, dressing fences, and arches in colorful outfits. Another interesting fact is the change in the age of the color of the buds. In youth, they are orange and then turn sunny yellow.
Their sizes are also quite impressive and reach 10 cm. During the flowering of the rose, an aroma with subtle notes of tea is felt. The first opening of the buds can be observed in the summer, and at the end of the season, there are several less abundant flowering waves.
Proper Care of the English Rose
Like any flowering plant, the English rose needs to create suitable living conditions. However, she does not belong to capricious crops and observing some simple rules will be enough to admire her beautiful long flowering.
Lighting
Given the fact that the English rose comes from Foggy Albion, it does not need bright lighting. For its planting, darkened areas are chosen since the presence of the sun for 4-5 hours a day is quite enough for the plant. However, growing in a significantly darkened area, the bush can begin to stretch out, which will disrupt its decorative effect.
Temperature
The flower has no special requirements for temperature conditions and feels comfortable in a temperate climate. For example, the English rose can withstand winter frosts down to -20C, but it is still better to organize a shelter for it, such as spruce branches or a plywood box.
Humidity
The English rose loves moderate humidity. Therefore, in the summer and watering, shower activities will not interfere with it – spraying with frozen water. However, excessively damp weather often leads to drying of the upper petals of the bud, as a result of which the flower cannot open, and it will have to be helped. Another vital care detail is shaking off the bush after rain. This is done to prevent stagnation of water in the buds, which leads to the formation of gray mold.
Watering
Water the English rose as needed, observing the drying of the topsoil. For irrigation, use warm, settled water, which can be prepared in advance. One-time watering should be at least 8 liters for one adult bush and climbing varieties – 15 liters.
In this case, water mustn’t fall on flowers and leaves – water is supplied to the bush base. The older the rose, the broader its roots grow and, accordingly, the larger the area of the watering site. Drinking is provided to the flower in the evening, twice a week (in hot summer, you can water more often).
Fertilizers and Feeding
One of the most foremost details of the life cycle of the English rose is the introduction of fertilizing, which will provide it with good health and lush flowering. Fertilizers also help the plant survive the winter frosts. Topdressing is applied during the budding and flowering period. When the buds have not yet opened, the English rose is fed with nitrogen fertilizers, and the flowering bush requires phosphorus and potassium supplements. It is worth noting that potassium compounds very well help the rose to enduring wintering, so they must be applied regularly.
Pests and Diseases of the English Rose
For the English rose, it is imperative to follow the basic rules of care. Factors such as waterlogging, insufficient lighting, etc., often lead to a worsening of her condition. In addition, the flower can be overcome by fungal and viral ailments, such as black spot, powdery mildew, gray rot, rust.
The disease is determined by the appearance of spots and dots on the bushes, white bloom, twisting of foliage. Also, a spider mite that feeds on the juice of its leaves can bring considerable harm to the English rose. Its presence is characterized by bloom on the lower plates of the leaves, light cobwebs.
Bordeaux liquid effectively helps to cope with diseases and pests, with which it is necessary to spray the bush every 5-6 days. As a preventive measure, you can pollinate the plant twice a season with wood ash and sprinkle it on the soil.
How to Transplant the English Rose
The English rose tolerates a change of “place of residence” well if the procedure is carried out in the cool season while observing some basic rules.
The transplant is carried out at the end of September, and the best option is in the evening when it is pretty fresh outside. The most crucial moment of transplantation is the extraction of the bush from the soil, which should be carried out as carefully as possible without damaging the root system.
The plant is dug in with a shovel from all sides, gradually increasing the depth. The taproot goes far into the soil, so it will need to be chopped off in some areas. Finally, the bush is taken out of the pit, preserving the earthen coma and transferred to a new place.
The planting hole should be slightly larger than the rhizome. The English rose is set so that the root collar is deepened in the soil, after which fresh soil is poured in, lightly compacted. The transplanted bush must be watered and mulched abundantly. Tall plants can be tied up so that the shape is formed correctly.
Reproduction at Home
To independently cultivate an English rose, they turn to several methods, taking cuttings, layering, offspring, or grafting methods for raw materials. The latter approach is used by gardeners more often, as it is considered more effective.
Reproduction of the English Rose by Grafting
In the cultivation of the English rose by grafting, its buds are most often used. To begin with, a stock is grown (the variety Rose Loxa is used), after which a rose is grafted onto it.
Reproduction in this way has the following stages:
- Planting seeds for growing stock
- Selection of seedlings
- Selection of shoots with buds
- Cleaning the root collar of the rootstock and its T-shaped incision
- Cut of the bud on the shoot
- Connecting the rootstock with the scion
- Fixing the place of bonding with a film
The results of such a procedure will appear after a couple of weeks.
Propagation of an English Rose by Cuttings
In this case, it is necessary to cut cuttings from mature shoots, up to 20 cm long, having several leaves (two of them are cut off before planting, only one remains at the top). Then, the material can be planted directly into the ground. To do this, a bed needs to be prepared in advance, which needs to be weeded out, and holes are dug at a distance of 15 cm from each other. The cuttings are seated in such a way that only the top leaf remains on the surface. Each copy must be covered with a jar or plastic bottle. For wintering, the garden bed is carefully protected. The first leaves will appear in the spring, and the bushes can be dived only after a year.
Propagation of an English Rose by Layering
The method is recognized as the simplest. On the lower part of the bush, you need to find a long shoot, make an incision on it, lean it against the ground and fix it securely. Additionally, the installation should be sprinkled with a layer of soil so that the top is visible. The cuttings must be watered regularly. Disconnection and transplantation of a newly-made seedling are carried out after a year.
Propagation of an English Rose by Offspring
Roots (offspring) are also a good raw material for English rose breeding. Throughout the season, it grows many times but has a rather weak root system. Therefore, annual material is taken for breeding. It is carefully separated and transplanted. The best time to plant is in the spring when the snow has melted.
English Rose Overview
English bush rose is an ideal option for creating landscape gardening of backyard territories. It serves as an excellent material for planting hedges, borders, terraces, and club compositions with other flowers or plants (salvia, lavender, etc.). Its various varieties can decorate city streets as well. You can get acquainted with the type of species of the English rose and its beautiful flowering in this article, so happy reading.
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